Social Communicative Skills For A Group Of Autistic...

CAT: An Introduction Imagine what it would be like to try to teach social-communicative skills to a group of autistic teenagers who can often be uncooperative and stubborn, lack appropriate verbal and nonverbal communication, and have cognitive impairments that limit their ability to process information. As a twenty-year-old female college student, studying communication, I volunteered to be a peer buddy and a facilitator for a small group of teenage boys and girls, in a social skills training group for autistic teenagers called Peer Buddies. Without prior experience or knowledge in dealing with autistic spectrum disorder, figuring out a way to balance my accommodative strategies to both suit, yet expand each of these teenager’s existing†¦show more content†¦The purpose of this paper is to explain the major theoretical concepts of CAT, to describe the effects of the motives and strategies used to achieve various levels of accommodation, and to demonstrate its infinite practical applications— including a theoretical analysis of my experience with Peer Buddies. Communication Accommodation Theory The Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) was developed in the early 1970s by socio-psychologists Howard Giles, Donald Taylor, and Richard Bouhris. Originally labeled the Speech Accommodation Theory, it focused merely on adjustments of socio-linguistic behavior and how it was used to develop, maintain, or reduce social distance between people in interpersonal interactions (Giles Ogay, 2007). With additional research, refinements have been made to include both verbal and nonverbal (speech rate tone, accent, body language, personal appearance) communication, although it remains to be largely focused on verbal language. The theory later expanded to become multi-contextual. Meaning the theoretical concepts can be applied in virtually any context: interpersonal, intergroup/intercultural, organization, and media. I will further elaborate on examples of the intergroup context later on. As previously stated, this prominent and complex theory explains a nd predicts the communicative verbal or nonverbal adjustments that one chooses to make (or not) to either identify with or separate his or her self from another person or group (Giles

The Cold War Between The United States And The Soviet Union

The Cold War grew out of post-World War II tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. Although the war did not bring about large scale fighting, there remained a constant threat of a catastrophic nuclear war. During the war, the US sought to strictly limit the spread of communism through containment, an idea formulated by US diplomat George Kennan, which became the basis of Harry Truman’s foreign policy. The containment policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to enlarge communist influence in Eastern Europe, China, Korea, Africa, and Vietnam. The president’s initial step toward containment came in response to a British request to support both Turkey and Greece against the spread of communism. By requesting Congress for $400 million in military and economic assistance for Greece and Turkey, Truman established the Truman Doctrine. This policy, marking an â€Å"informal declaration of Cold War against the Soviets†, established th at the United States would provide military and economic assistance to all nations threatened by Communism. The United States further devised the Marshall plan, which provided massive financial aid to western European countries in order to strengthen their economy, which indirectly prevented the spread of communism. Eisenhower and Nixon’s containment policies, while sharing Truman’s idea that communism should be contained, implemented different policies regarding containment. Eisenhower’s â€Å"New Look† policy was fiscallyShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War Between The Soviet Union And The United States1252 Words   |  6 PagesAfter World War II, the practices of Communism, a political ideology, quickly spread from the Soviet Union to other countries in the Eastern Hemisphere. The United States, a country that practices democracy, avidly made it known to other nations that it opposed communist practices. In response to the rapid number of nations that were be ginning to practice it, the United States set a goal to limit the amount of nations that practiced it. A poorly planned invasion by the United States on Cuba andRead MoreThe Cold War Between The United States And The Soviet Union1654 Words   |  7 Pagestopics among historians is the origins of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR). The war began in 1947 right after the end of World War II and lasted until 1991. This war was more of a time period of competition among powers, than an actual war, which lasted 44 years. They faced problems of ideologies of free-market capitalistic America versing communistic Russia, geopolitics, and an economic struggle between two former World War II allies. Historians have long argued andRead MoreThe Cold War Between The United States And Soviet Union1277 Words   |  6 Pagesremained in tact: the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States believed that the Soviet Union wanted to spread communism and the U nited States wanted to stop the Soviet Union from doing so. The resulting conflicts between the United States and Soviet Union became known as the Cold War. The two countries clashed over communism, nuclear arms and â€Å"other policy matters† for several decades. One outgrowth of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union was the â€Å"Space Race.†Read MoreThe Cold War Between The United States And The Soviet Union861 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the early stages of the cold war, there was a great fear of the communist regime. Tension between the United States and the Soviet Union were rising well into the 1950s. Many would wonder how the cold war between the two sides would end. The threat of nuclear war between the two was fearful and could mean destruction. The various uprisings and wars in Asia especially China and Korea brought up various forms of tension and fear among the American populous. In the times around the EisenhowerRead MoreThe Cold War Between The United States Of America And The Soviet Union1501 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War between the United States of America and the Soviet Union was not only a battle of political conflict but also a rivalry to spread political ideology and influence worldwide. Various pieces of propaganda and articles written during the time had largely impacted American popular opinion and had powerful effects on the culture among young men and women of the 1940’s and 1950’s. â€Å"The Red Iceberg† comic book cover, published and presented during the Cold War era, was one use of media thatRead MoreThe Cold War Developed Between The Soviet Union And The United States847 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War developed between the Soviet Union and the United States in response to post-World War II tensions between the two nations. The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. emerged from World War II as the only two countries able to propagate their specific social and political systems on a global scale. With expansive capitalist (United States) or communist (USSR) ideologies and powerful military forces, each nation feared and distrusted the other. This cultural clash resulted in mutual suspicions, propagandaRead MoreTensions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the Cold War1998 Words   |  8 PagesThe Cold War was the name given to the time period from 1945 to 1991. After World War II, tensions began between the United States and the Soviet Union. Fighting between the United States and Soviet Union did not happen directly against each other. Instead they fought with arms races, space races, and spying. Both superpowers set aside their differences to defeat Adolf Hitler, even before the war the United States distrusted the Soviet Union. The United States disliked the way the Soviet Union ranRead MoreThe End Of The Cold War Between The United States And Soviet Union Essay1858 Words   |  8 PagesThe end of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Unions was a start for a new Western order. Many expected that it would be peaceful, free trade and expanding markets and cooperation among states (Hawthorn, 1999). However, some scholars might argue that neoliberalism preserved the dominance of wealthy states. A va riety of different arguments have been raised taking into consideration democracy and international order. This essay will consider three different theoretical perspectives onRead MoreThe Cold War Is A Time Of Political Tension Between The United States And The Soviet Union1154 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War is a time of political tension between the United States and the USSR following World War II and lasting decades. It was a clash of ideology- capitalism versus communism- and a fight for dominance, by utilizing every opportunity for expansion (Trueman 1). The results and lessons learned from the Cold War still remain as reminders and helpful guides for the future. With the War on Terror at hand, the United States could use the lessons learned from the Cold War as a guide. The Cold WarRead MoreThe Cold War Was A Conflict Between Ideologies And Races Between The United States And The Soviet Union Essay1844 Words   |  8 PagesAfter the World War II, the world was moving to n ew period economically, and politically. Atomic and nuclear weapons and technologies such as a satellite were also developed. At that time, there were two superpowers, the United States and The Soviet Union in the world. During the World War II, they were on the same side, but the Soviet Union’s development of communist society and weapons gradually made the United States’ anxieties about loss of their position as the most powerful state in the world The Cold War Between The United States And The Soviet Union During the early stages of the cold war, there was a great fear of the communist regime. Tension between the United States and the Soviet Union were rising well into the 1950s. Many would wonder how the cold war between the two sides would end. The threat of nuclear war between the two was fearful and could mean destruction. The various uprisings and wars in Asia especially China and Korea brought up various forms of tension and fear among the American populous. In the times around the Eisenhower administration, the Americans used other means to combat the Soviets and prevent them from taking away the freedoms of Americans. The weapon that was used was a religious revival. The goal of this revival in religion was to bring on a fight against communism and become more patriotic in doing so with religion. Many big names came out of this and ideas came out of this time changing how we connect to people. Many evangelists like Billy Graham and Fultan J. Sheen used forms of media such as ra dio and television to reach out to people and spread the evils of the world including communism. Many great gatherings such as Graham’s Los Angeles crusade brought many more into the religious world. Government policy making had been effected with religious revival and the fight against communism with addition of â€Å"under God† in the pledge of allegiance. This time of the cold war became one of the most religious times during this era. America went through a change in culture and went to a way ofShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War Between The United States And The Soviet Union1268 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cold War grew out of post-World War II tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. Although the war did not bring about large scale fighting, there remained a constant threat of a catastrophic nuclear war. During the war, the US sought to strictly limit the spread of communism through containment, an idea formulated by US diplomat George Kennan, which became the basis of Harry Truman’s foreign policy. The containment policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union toRead MoreThe Cold War Between The Soviet Union And The United States1252 Words   |  6 PagesAfter World War II, the practices of Communism, a political ideology, quickly spread from the Soviet Union to other countries in the Eastern Hemisphere. The United States, a country that practices democracy, avidly made it known to other nations that it opposed communist practices. In response to the rapid number of nations that were beginning to practice it, the United States set a goal to limit the amount of nations that practiced it. A poorly planned invasion by the United States on Cuba andRead MoreThe Cold War Between The United States And The Soviet Union1654 Words   |  7 Pagestopics among historians is the origins of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR). The war began in 1947 right after the end of World War II and la sted until 1991. This war was more of a time period of competition among powers, than an actual war, which lasted 44 years. They faced problems of ideologies of free-market capitalistic America versing communistic Russia, geopolitics, and an economic struggle between two former World War II allies. Historians have long argued andRead MoreThe Cold War Between The United States And Soviet Union1277 Words   |  6 Pagesremained in tact: the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States believed that the Soviet Union wanted to spread communism and the United States wanted to stop the Soviet Union from doing so. The resulting conflicts between the United States and Soviet Union became known as the Cold War. The two countries clashed over communism, nuclear arms and â€Å"other policy matters† for several decades. One outgrowth of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union was the â€Å"Space Race.†Read MoreThe Cold War Between The United States Of America And The Soviet Union1501 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War between the United States of America and the Soviet Union was not only a battle of political conflict but also a rivalry to spread political ideology and influence worldwide. Various pieces of propaganda and articles written during the time had largely impacted American popular opinion and had powerful effects on the culture among young men and women of the 1940’s and 1950’s. â€Å"The Red Iceberg† comic book cover, published and presented during the Cold War era, was one use of media thatRead MoreThe Cold War Developed Between The Soviet Union And The United States847 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War developed between the Soviet Union and the United States in response to post-World War II tensions between the two nations. The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. emerged from World War II as the only two countries able to propagate their specific social and political systems on a global scale. With expansive capitalist (United States) or communist (USSR) ideologies and powerful military forces, each nation feared and distrusted the other. This cultural clash resulted in mutual suspicions, propagandaRead MoreTensions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the Cold War1998 Words   |  8 PagesThe Cold War was the name given to the time period from 1945 to 1991. After World War II, tensions began between the United States and the Soviet Union. Fighting between the United States and Soviet Union did not happen directly against each other. Instead they fought with arms races, space races, and spying. Both superpowers set aside their differences to defeat Adolf Hitler, even before the war the United States distrusted the Soviet Union. The United States disliked the way the Soviet Union ranRead MoreThe End Of The Cold War Between The United States And Soviet Union Essay1858 Words   |  8 PagesThe end of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Unions was a start for a new Western order. Many expected that it would be peaceful, free trade and expanding markets and cooperation among states (Hawthorn, 1999). However, some scholars might argue that neoliberalism preserved the dominance of wealthy states. A variety of different arguments have been raised taking into consideration democracy and international order. This essay will consider three different theoretical perspectives onRead MoreThe Cold War Is A Time Of Political Tension Between The United States And The Soviet Union1154 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War is a time of political tension between the United States and the USSR following World War II and lasting decades. It was a clash of ideology- capitalism versus communism- and a fight for dominance, by utilizing every opportunity for expansion (Trueman 1). The results and lessons l earned from the Cold War still remain as reminders and helpful guides for the future. With the War on Terror at hand, the United States could use the lessons learned from the Cold War as a guide. The Cold WarRead MoreThe Cold War Was A Conflict Between Ideologies And Races Between The United States And The Soviet Union Essay1844 Words   |  8 PagesAfter the World War II, the world was moving to new period economically, and politically. Atomic and nuclear weapons and technologies such as a satellite were also developed. At that time, there were two superpowers, the United States and The Soviet Union in the world. During the World War II, they were on the same side, but the Soviet Union’s development of communist society and weapons gradually made the United States’ anxieties about loss of their position as the most powerful state in the world

Dont kill the World free essay sample

You can be carnal, It is easy. You can be God, It # 8217 ; s easy excessively. You must be a adult male, But it is so hard. Peoples have ever polluted their milieus, but until now pollution was non such a serious job. Peoples lived in uncrowded rural countries and did non hold pollution # 8211 ; doing machines. With the development of crowded industrial metropoliss which put immense sums of pollutions into little countries, the job has become more of import. Cars and other new innovations make pollution steadily worse. Since the late 1960 # 8217 ; s people have become alarmed with the danger of pollution. Air, H2O and dirt are necessary for being of all living things. But polluted air can do unwellness, and even decease. Contaminated H2O putting to deaths fish and other marine life. On contaminated dirt, nutrient can non be grown. In add-on environmental pollution spoils the natural beauty of our planet. Pollution is every bit complicated as serious job. Nowadays people understand how of import it is to work out the environmental jobs that endanger people # 8217 ; s lives. The most serious environmental jobs are: # 183 ; pollution in its many signifiers { H2O pollution, air pollution, atomic pollution } ; # 183 ; noise from autos, coachs, planes, etc. ; # 183 ; devastation of wildlife and countryside beauty ; # 183 ; deficit of natural resources ( metals, different sorts of fuel ) ; the growing of population. Water Pollution # 8220 ; Water, H2O everyplace, non any bead to imbibe, # 8221 ; said the crewman from Coleridge # 8217 ; s poem depicting to a friend how atrocious it was to be without imbibing H2O on a ship in the center of the ocean. It is unusual to believe that the H2O around his ship was likely rather safe to imbibe. It was salty # 8211 ; but non polluted. The sea Waterss today are much more unsafe. There is no ocean or sea which is non used as a shit. The Pacific Ocean, particularly, has suffered from atomic pollution because the Gallic Government trials atomic arms at that place. Many seas are used for dumping industrial and atomic waste. Britain entirely dumps 250,000 dozenss of industrial waste straight into the North Sea. This toxicants and putting to deaths fish and sea animate beings. # 8220 ; Nuclear-poisoned # 8221 ; angle can be eaten by people. Many rivers and lakes are poisoned excessively. Fish and reptilians can # 8217 ; t live in them. There is non adequate O in the H2O. In such topographic points all the birds leave their home grounds and many workss die. If people drink this H2O they can decease excessively. It happens so because mills and workss produce alot of waste and pour it into rivers. So they poison the H2O. Factories use clean H2O. After the H2O is used it becomes toxicant which goes back into rivers, lakes and seas. Air Pollution When the Americans decided to clean up the Statue of Liberty in 1986, the first thing they had to make was to do a hole in her nose and take away the acid rain that had collected indoors. The contaminated air of New-York had mixed with the rain and damaged the Statue greatly. And you surely know that most of the pollution in large metropoliss comes from autos and coachs. More and more frequently people are told non to be in direct sunshine, because ultraviolet radiation from the Sun can do skin malignant neoplastic disease. Normally the ozone bed in the ambiance protects us from such radiation can acquire to the Earth. Many scientists think that these holes are the consequence of air pollution. Nuclear power Stationss can travel incorrect and cause atomic pollution. This happened in Windscale in Britain, in the Three Mile Island in the USA, Chernobyl in the former Soviet Union and Semey in Kazakhstan. Nuclear pollution can non be seen but its effects can be awful. To do air clean onc e more we need good filters at atomic power Stationss, at mills and workss and besides in autos and coachs. Both clean air and clean H2O are necessary for our wellness. If people want to last they must work out these jobs rapidly. Man is get downing to understand that his environment is non merely his ain town of state, but the whole Earth. That # 8217 ; s why people all over the universe think and talk so much about ecology. Nowadays we face many ecological jobs and we must protect our environment. The importance of the environment has finely been realized by many people. The organisation of international environmental Congresss is grounds of this. Many states have been seeking to happen solutions to their environmental pollution. Unfortunately the practical execution of these solutions is non every bit easy as in theory. The cause of environmental perturbation can be summarized as the development of industry and life criterions. Most of the agents of environmental pollution have been produced by developed states. They have to develop schemes for the safe disposal of industrial wastes. However this requires extra financess and reduces the productiveness of the industry concerned. Pressing solutions must be found ; otherwise our environment will be deteriorated farther as clip base on ballss. Pesticides Pesticides are chemical agents used against plagues. They are sprayed on workss or works merchandises to kill plagues. Of class the decease of the plague is intended during this action. Eradication of the plague may be achieved but the nutrient concatenation is harmed due to this devastation. Another consequence of pesticides appears after rain. The sprayed pesticides are washed from larger workss by rain and are carried into watercourses and rivers. The deposit of these agents in lakes and ponds causes the decease of aquatic beings and as a consequence the natural balance is damaged. Among the Continental lakes of the Earth the Aral Sea occupied the 4th topographic point in the country. We have to stress-occupied. Today the Aral is diing. This severely affects the population of the country, which includes several parts of the Central Asian Republics and the Kzyl Orda part of Kazakhstan. In some topographic points the Aral has moved a 100 kilometres from the former seashores. The sea degree has sunk 18 metres, the country has decreased more than one 3rd, the volume of H2O # 8211 ; 60 % . The mean salt has increased two and a half times, which brought about the decease of fish # 8211 ; as a fishery country the sea has wholly lost its importance. Harmonizing to same preliminary estimations wind lifts from the bare sea command and the spreads to a distance of 400-500 kilometer 10s of 1000000s tones of acerb. Salts that threaten to destroy the agricultural oases for which H2O is drawn. There is an mean 520 kg autumn of sand and salt per hectare of the Aral lands. The ecological calamity led to the growing of the illness rate unsafe demographic state of affairs, unemployment and poorness of the people, populating in that country. The Aral Sea in Central Asia is a typical illustration of the effects of pesticides. Chemicalagents were carried into the lake for many old ages. Pesticides accumulated at the shore and underside of lake. Today the Aral lake has dried up and the pesticide residues are doing tremendous wellness jobs in the environment. Rubbish Lakes and rivers are frequently contaminated drains from town and mills empty into them, into the H2O. The chemicals poison the H2O. Wildlife can non easy survive in it. Ocean # 8211 ; traveling oilers sometimes empty thankfuls of greasy H2O into the sea. When this happens great spots of oil are left drifting on the sea # 8217 ; s surface. Electricity for our place is made in edifices called power workss. Power workss normally use coal, oil or gas to do atomic energy, U is needed. And U is radioactive, which means it gives off beams which are really unsafe to any living thing. Some people are disquieted that the radiation might get away and poison living things. Because this rubbish remains unsafe for 1000s of old ages, we need to be particularly careful about what we do with it. Poison-beware Stand following to a auto in a traffic jam, and you may see clouds of dirty gas. This is one manner the air gets so soiled or polluted. Some of the exhausts are toxicant and can make a batch of injury to animate beings, workss and people. Even the rain is non pure H2O it might look to be. Some of the air pollution reaches about degree. When rain clouds are formed, the toxicant is assorted with beads of rain. And down comes what is called acid rain. Farmers really frequently spray chemicals on their land. There chemicals kill plagues. But what the husbandman doesn # 8217 ; t see is the harm that the chemicals do to other things. The plagues or weeds are killed. But so are many other harmless little animals that might hold been taken as nutrient by birds. The chemicals can be washed by rain into nearby watercourses or lakes. The fish in the H2O can be poisoned. Scientists are working all the clip on chemicals which don # 8217 ; t injury wild life, but there are still some being used that are harmful. Decrease of pollution Air is polluted by gases released from different beginnings such as from the burning of coal and oil to supply energy. For case, coal is used as a heat energy beginning in some states. It is besides used in thermal power workss to obtain electrical energy. The risky effects of these pollutants can be reduced by their filtration and ordinance in usage. The best manner of avoiding environmental pollution is the usage of alternate safe energy beginnings such as air current power, solar energy and natural gases. Water is polluted by industrial wastes. Factories should take duty for the purification of their wastes before they release them into the H2O. Where the job is sewage, intervention workss can be used where bacterium interrupt down the sewerage. The solid waste dumped on land can be recycled. The useable stuffs can be eliminated from waste and reprocessed once more and once more. I want to state you about atomic pollution. Kazakhstan is a nuclear-free state, but as a heritage of t he former USSR it has 3 atomic proving evidences. The largest on is Semipalatinsk proving land. On August 29, 1949 the first atomic detonation in the USSR was set off on the Semipalatinsk proving land. Until 1963 trials were conducted chiefly on the surface and in the ambiance. The effects of these trials shocked even faultfinders and the trials were carried out belowground. In all 456 trials with a entire explosive power of 17420 kit were blasted in Semipalatinsk. October 19, 1989 was the last day of the month a trial was carried out in this atomic proving site. The ancient steppe, its manner of life, legion animate beings and workss, all became sureties of the warfare of the powerful forces. During the 2nd half of the 80-s along with other procedures that took topographic point in assorted domains of the altering society there was the rush for freedom. In 1988 an rebellion with the demand to close down the testing site grew into the international motion # 8220 ; Nevada-Semey # 8 221 ; led by the well-known poet and public figure Olzhas Suleimenov. # 8220 ; Nevada-Semey # 8221 ; motion enlightened people send won the support and understanding of the people all over the universe. Meeting presentations, letters, entreaties to authoritiess, aggregations of 1000s of signatures, picketing at the proving sites. At last the old system was forced to give off. The proving site is closed, but its hint still remains on our land. The part has the highest degree of malignant neoplastic disease diseases, alterations in the familial construction of people and animate beings, the shortest life span and the highest mortality rate. There are different sentiments on the work outing the present state of affairs in the country, but one is clear: it is necessary to measure the ecological and moral harm of the nature and wellness. Kazakhstan can non work out this job unassisted. What is more # 8211 ; it wouldn # 8217 ; t be in the involvement of Kazakhstan entirely. It is an i ssue of planetary importance. I think that I have showed you merely some ecological job. We can see that we, merely we can assist our planet. You know, that the Earth is our planet. We have much natural resorts, which we must take attention and go through them to our kids. I want to state you about ecology job of my native town. Burabay, the name of one of the most picturesque corners of Kazakhstan, the land of fantastic vocals and poetical fables. One gathers in feeling that person who said that it is better to see a topographic point one time than to hear of it a 100 times meant no other but this land. Nature has created here a notional universe of colorss, signifiers and sounds. There are many fables about Burabay. Now non merely legends handed down from coevals, but besides diggings made by Kazakhstan archeologists tell us that Sinegorye ( Land of Blue Mountains ) was inhabited by huntsmans, experienced stock-breeders and crop-growers, the Skythians mined gold here. Every rock, every forest way in country of Burabay is associated with some tradition. If you look into the distance at the lineations of the Blue Mountains, you will look to see a giant who fell asleep amidst the woods. Yes, that is the mountain of the Sleeping Batyr. Height of that mountain, if to number up to the point of the helmet, is 836 metres. If you look from the Akylbai Pass in another way, it will look to you that you see a fossiled camel. That is mount Bura ( Camel ) about which the Kazakhs had composed a batch of fables. Height of mountain Bura is 690 metres. Rock Okjetpes, which is the Kazakh for # 8220 ; can non be reached by an pointer # 8221 ; is associated with a fable every bit good. There is a really beautiful rock sphinx in Burabay. Our ascendants named this stone as Jumbaktas ( the Mysrerious Rock ) . And truly a cryptic stone! If you look at the stone from one side, it reminds the boat, and if you look on the other side # 8211 ; it reminds the miss with the hair, flitin g on the air current. And if you drive a small farther and expression at the stone on one more side, you can see the old bowed adult females. Today everyone, who comes to Burabay, doesn # 8217 ; Ts leave, without non looking on # 8220 ; dancing birches # 8221 ; . They look like the beautiful slender misss, turning in a commotion of cheerful and hotheaded dance. It is antic! There is a peculiar topographic point in Burabay. Topographic point, where Abylai khan put his White Horde and lifted his White Banner. Since than that clearing was called # 8220 ; Abylay # 8217 ; s Glade # 8221 ; . Presently the posterities consider this topographic point as a holy topographic point and bind the colored knots on the subdivisions of the white birches in the locality. The way, which leads from Abylay clearing, passes on the inclines of Kokshetau and honkytonks in a brush of wood. If you go farther, you will run into a throne on your manner, as it cut out from the xanthous rock. The existent gold throne! It # 8217 ; s named # 8220 ; Khan tagy # 8221 ; . With attack of the warm spring yearss, Abylay abandoned his winter-stay near Red wood and placed on this green clearing. He left from Horde and had a remainder in that natural throne, giving himself up to the contemplation. It came in a wont. Since so this skilled exhibit became to be called as Khan tagy. The people consider it sacred the parish usual adhere the shred of material on the subdivisions of trees and shelfs of rocks near it. Unfortunately, in clip of chauvinistic splash of ruddy totalitarism, even the khan # 8217 ; s throne hasn # 8217 ; t been left in inviolability. Anyone, who feels like it, can sit down on it, everybody contrived to interrupt away # 8220 ; a spot on memory # 8221 ; , even beat out on the throne their names, so that # 8220 ; to stay in history # 8221 ; . It can # 8217 ; t be helped? ! Here is a little hut-size bouldery conglobation from a xanthous granite to the West from lake Kum iskol. It attracts the eyes from apart. A discoloration darkens in the center of it. If you come nearer and look more attentively, you can see the entryway to the cave. It is the cave of Kenesary. Today the cave, called by the name of Kenesary, is one of the sacred topographic points, esteemed by the people. There are ever many people here. On this topographic point the faithful musulmans make supplications, devoted to the spirit of Kenesary. The Kokshetay highland, a anique corner of this state # 8217 ; s landscape, has long been called the Switzerland of Kazakhstan. Its granite drops of several hundred metres in tallness under the influence of air currents, rains and the Sun have obtained here the signifier of a quaint, picturesque obelisk. Along the mountain inclines and at their foothills there are high pines stretching towards the Sun. The eldest of them are two hundred old ages of age. In the low evidences and vales, on the seashores of bluish lakes Burabay, Shchuchye, Big an d Small Chebachye the pines are joined by a unit of ammunition dance of aspens and bushs. The forest clearings are of different colorss. There are plentifulness of raspberries, wild strawberries, ruddy whortleberries and other berries, to state nil of mushrooms. In the Burabay woods you can happen cervid, marals, bears, wild Sus scrofas, roes, wolves, squirrels, foxes and hares. Beautiful mooses happen to look here every bit good. About two 100 species of birds make their home ground here. They include Anas platyrhynchoss, geese, partridges, grouse, bluish greens, loons, gray Heros, storks, snipes, green plovers and capercaillies. The bluish lakes of Burabay abound with perchpike, carp, perch, wild carp, Tinca tinca. Pikes pursuit immature fishes, there splash crucians. These topographic points were renowned for a healthy clime every bit early as the past century. Summer is non really hot here, and winter is much milder than in the unfastened steppe. Dense forests pureness the air a nd lavishey saturate it with the olfactory property of pine-needles and grasses. Burabay a lake, a wellness resort, tourer camping-sites, immature innovator cantonments, vacation places # 8211 ; can be found on all the maps, in all Thursday vitamin E sanatoria quides. This is a large wellness resort zone celebrated for wholesome Waterss and medicative clay, but chiefly for its air so good for lung patients. There are 1515 lakes on the land of Kokshetau. Eighty of them are big, around which it is possible to transport out the baiga ( the national game of the Kazak ) . From these 80 lakes about 10s are in the locality of Burabay, at the underside of Kokshetau. Our great grampss told that â€Å"Ulken shalkar† ( Large H2O sweep ) , â€Å"Kumiskol† ( Silver lake ) , â€Å"Shabakkol† , â€Å"Kotyrkol† ( Sore lake ) and besides â€Å"Shortankol† ( Pike lake ) , â€Å"Kopakol† ( Overgrown lake ) , â€Å"Shagalaly teniz† ( Sea-bay sea ) were at one clip interconnected and fed each other. Lake Kotyrkol is one the distance 15-20 kilometres from Burabay, it’s really beautiful. In world these two lakes are really near by the each other, between them merely 20-30 stairss, they a re divided merely by the eavth wall. The lake which is one the North is big, meandering, and the southern lake is little, narrow, extended in length. It is interesting, that the northern lake is pure, without the reeds and fish are big, oily at that place. The southern lake is little, all in the reeds, in bird’s market and the fish are non found it. There are a wood and the bowlders around the big lake. In old times there were Brookss, which fell into it. In jumping the thawed snow H2O from the different waies, organizing the ravines and waterfalls, streams down onto the lake. And at the same clip the H2O doesn’t overflow the lake seashore. It is ever at one degree. In such instance, where thawed and spring H2O go forth? It turns out that nature-mother forsaw everything. From the northern little lake the little rivers flows out. It’s interesting that the reed at the little river is ever of xanthous coloring material. That’s why it is named Sarybulak, that is Yellow creek. It turns out that it lakes off the otiose H2O from the lake Kotyrkol through the wood, flexing around the Antigozha mountain and pours it in lake Burabay or lake Kumiskol, though lake Burabay is so supplied by the H2O. From all the neighbouring mountains flux the springs and Brookss in it, and lake Sarybulak carries the otiose H2O of lake Kotyrkol. Why so the H2O of lake Burabay, the deepest topographic point of which doesn’t transcend seven metres, doesn’t overflow the seashore? Even in this instance the great nature forsaw the state of affairs. Some Brookss have their beginnings from the east seashore of the lake and shortly they merge and turn into the little fast mountain river, leaping on the rocks. And because of its character and violent temperament the people named it Kurkireuk ( Roaring ) . So, uneven # 8220 ; H2O from the lake flows into # 8220 ; Ulken Shalkar # 8221 ; . We shall now state about the lake Large Shalkar. Five lakes, named Shalkars, are located around Burabay. This is the most big among them. It is said that hundred old ages ago it was immense reservoir with the country of 30-35 kilometres, which reachs the evidences of the present Nauryzbay state-farm. That # 8217 ; s why our ascendants named it Large Shalkar, sometimes it was named Ainakol ( Mirror lake ) . 40-50 old ages ago the deepness of the lake reached 16 metres and the country made up 25 square kilometres and of our coevalss retrieve it, because they saw this lake by themselves. Lake Shortankol ( Pike ) is the deepest of 1515 lakes. Its length was seven kilometres long, the breadth was more than four kilometres and the deepness, in some topographic points, reached 45 metres. The mean deepness was 15 m etres. On some inexplicable grounds long since a expressway had lived in this lake and it reached the big size. It is said that it attacked even the people. Therefore our grampss named it the # 8220 ; Shortankol # 8221 ; . The mountains, environing the lake from the North, are besides called the Pike. As the lake is surrounded by the mountains, it is of course that a great figure of mountain rivers and springs fall into it. But the H2O doesn # 8217 ; t overflow the seashore, because from the south-west of the lake the little river runs out. It goes round the colony and being directed heterosexual for the West on the Ayuly ( Bear ) border, falls into the Kylshakty ( Weed ) river. Kylshakty, in its bend, runs about 100 kilometres and runs into the immense lake Kopa at Kokshetau metropolis. The otiose H2O from lake Kopa, the river Shagalaly incurs, that is in 80 kilometres to the North of the metropolis. The beautiful nature can non rag. The picturesque mountains, the transparent, c old lakes which names tell about the assortment, abundant mammals and fishes # 8211 ; Shchuchye, Big and Small Chebachye, Karasye. The chip air fills pitchy olfactory property. The powerful nature energetics of these topographic points attract people who want to hold a remainder from narrow and close towns. But today we can non speak about the primary nature. From olden yearss the part was the cradle of many poets, composers, vocalists and authors. But nowadays we can see how adult male is closely relaf to environment. The nature of Burabay are enduring many environment jobs because the people are bad director. The chief # 8220 ; part # 8221 ; of air pollution conveying the boiler-houses, which situated in Shchuchinsk, Burabay, Katarkol small town and many sanatariums and remainder places. The boiler-houses pump waste gases in the ambiance. Harmonizing to some preliminary estimations the volume of waste put together 4,7 1000s of tones. There 51 boiler-houses in the wellness zone. Merely 36 boiler-houses work on the solid fuel but there are merely 18 dustgascleaner equipments. There are 15 boiler-houses work on liquid fuel and one on gaseous fuel. The dustgascleaner equipment clean from solid atoms but gaseous polluting substances are thrown off in airwithout glade. We have to acquire over on the ecological types of fluel-natural gas and electrical warming. The boiler-houses and private sector are necessary to work on the natural gas and electrical warming because it is demanded by clip. Except the boiler-houses pollution the environment we have many another 1. For illustration they are centrifugal conveyance. The scrutinies of waste from motor conveyance are showed that waste put together 73 % per centum in the Shchuchinsk. An mean polluting of air put together 8,8 1000s of tones in the twelvemonth. The most polluting of air take topographic point in the summer, when a batch of people come to hold a remainder. They drive to the wellness resorts by motor con veyance which about 11 1000s autos and other conveyances. The dog-tired gases put together over 60 % per centum in the summer. It is necessary to drop the chief roads and construct the doing unit of ammunition of roads. We besides limit the entryway motor conveyance to the wellness zone and the people who come to hold a remainder can travel by coach or cab. The local authorization must command the motor conveyance which pumping waste gases do non acquire rid of them. The waste gases cause acerb rain ; this leads to forest harm an there bow reduces the resources of forestry industry. Economists have long idea of the environment as an limitless beginning of resources. They have thought that the ambiance, woods, rivers and lakes are capable of absorbing all the rubbish the economic system throws into them. In fact, the economic system and the environment are closely related. The environment supplies the economic system with all its resources, such as H2O, lumber, minerals and oil. The environment has to absorb all its waste merchandises. And now look! The proxy # 8217 ; s office of part had revealed shouting facts of illegal fishing, runing animate beings, cutting trees. The chief squares of woods are ruined by fire and the authorities hasn # 8217 ; t adequate money to carry on woods and guard it from fire. Here and at that place reign to revelry of poaching. Alternatively of reserve which attention of natural resources some. National natural Parkss turn into profitable topographic points because there are cutting 10 thousand hectare of wood, runing animate beings and wildfowl. Some people want to acquire currency and they give illegal license for catching rare animate beings and birds. You will be really surprised because there are some species of workss and animate beings which threaten of vanishing in the guarding districts. Four species of Mammalia and five species of birds are vanishing in the Shchuchinsk-Burabay zone. Cipher can non number falkon-bola pro hibitions which illegal are caught by aliens and forest poachers. Another job connects with our beautiful, Ag lakes and rivers. For illustration, harmonizing to some preliminary estimations the resistance and superficial H2O has extracted about 4, 44 million of regular hexahedron meters in the reservoir of Shchuchinsk lake since 1950 to 1995 every twelvemonth. During many old ages the H2O take away for imbibing and sewerage # 8211 ; farm from Big Chebachye, Borovoye, Katarkol. The lakes degree has sunk in the Shchuchinsk 4 meters, in the Chebachye # 8211 ; 3 meters ; in the Small Chebachye # 8211 ; 2 meters, in the Katarkol # 8211 ; 1,5 meters since 1974 to 2000 old ages. It we continue to work belowground and superficial H2O in such measure we shall hold to diminish the lakes degree. Another job is drainage system. Nowadays H2O resources are exhausted and we have inquiry about pollution resistance and superficial H2O. There isn # 8217 ; t cardinal drainage system in the wellness zone, because many mills and farms state of affairs at that place. They dump soiled sewerage H2O into lakes Borovoye, Shchuchye, Big Chebachye. Trash pollutes superficial and belowground H2O. There are powerful pollution of nitrate into belowground H2O and in the Chinaman water-supply of colony Okjetpes, Katarkol and Kuchugur. The chief pollution resistance and superficial H2O are nitrate and nitrite but footing beginnings such pollution is local septiks of sanatariums, remainder places and populated area.The sanatariums, remainder places are they really bring in net income, because the people all over the universe, all the twelvemonth unit of ammunition have come and had a remainder and cipher of them think about our nature. Oh, yes, our topographic point is really good for organisation and developing indoors and outward touristry, but that all is burden to ecological system and these beautiful mountains, lakes and natural landscape. Look around all sanatariums, remainder places, prophylactoriums, kids wellness cantonments situate around the lakes. I said that they all don # 8217 ; Ts have enough hermitically run out, natural beginnings and reservoirs are polluted by them. We can see on the shore of lakes, along motor-round, on the wellness constitution run into the topographic points of pollution dirt with heavy metal. Yes, of class, the healthful cleansing agent of woods and close lakes zone are made but it make that is non so good. Liquidation self-generated rubbish pile along the route and colony Borovoye, the drainage drains are prevented to dump pollution into the lakes system of wellness resorts zone. But these are so small. The ecological state of affairs in the part is demanded of be aftering determination which is accompanied by solid fiscal extract. Th e footing for realisation construct of ecological sanitation this natural composite must be # 8220 ; The Region Program of Developing Shchuchinsk-Borovoye wellness resorts zone # 8221 ; . The first, the local authorization will hold to work out the hard job of water-supply Shchuchinsk and Borovoye wellness resorts zone. You can see that the lakes degree has sunk because these are beginnings of water-supply in Shchuchinsk, Borovoye and other. The plan foresees to finish the edifice of Kokshetau industrial water-supply. The 2nd, the Vorobyevsko-Kotyrkol aggregator is completed to construct the fix and modernisation drainage cleaner edifices in the Shchuchinsk and Borovoye. The undertaking is financed by the Ministry of Natural resources. It is 712 1000000s tenge, but the fiscal temps are rearward from existent ingestions. The 3rd, we shall make up ones mind the ecological jobs if we help our National Natural Park of Burabay. Because we must reconstruct and reserve all assortment nat ural composites, workss and animate beings. The 4th # 8211 ; touristry. The districts which are non so valued, but have chief diversion resources include commanding touristry and diversion use. We need to anticipate touristry and jaunts paths. The tourers will garner the mush-rooms, strawberries if they pay for them. They besides will angling if they have license, because there are 45 sanatariums and remainder places which do to the people who have a remainder places medic-prophylactic service and organisation their remainder. Make you cognize that the caput of our province Nursultan Abichevich Nazarbayev has proclaim the jurisprudence # 8220 ; About United Social Economic Zone Burabay # 8221 ; . Where he said, that we must match to international criterions. Much attending in the maestro program is to environmental protection, saving of woods and lakes, afforestation on lakes Big and Small Chebachye, Balpashsor. But I think we don # 8217 ; t bury about a job such as ecological e ducate of colony. If we want our kids to populate in the same universe we live in, or in a better and healthier universe, we must larn to protect the H2O, the air and the Earth from pollution. I want you give an illustration how the people refuse disposal. I think that you know that refuse is one of the jobs of environment pollution. In the United States, over 160 million tone of refuse are produced every twelvemonth. Ten per centum is recycled, 10 per centum is burned, and the remainder is put in landfills. But happening land for new landfills is going more hard. A metropolis that has solved this job is an unusual manner is Machida, in Tokyo, Japan. They have developed wholly anew attack to garbage disposal. They key to the operation is public cooperation. Families must split their refuse into 6 classs: 1. refuse that can be easy burned ( that is, combustible refuse ) , such as kitchen and garden rubbish ; 2. non-combustible refuse, such as little electrical contraptions, plastic t ools, and plastic playthings ; 3. merchandises that are toxicant or that cause pollution such as batteries ; 4. bottles and glass containers that can be recycled ; 5. metal containers that can be recycled ; 6. big points, such as furniture and bikes. The points in classs to 5 are collected on different yearss. ( Large points are merely collected upon petition ) . Then the refuse is taken to a Centre that looks like a clean new office edifices or a infirmary. Inside the Centre, particular equipment is used to screen and treat the refuse. Almost everything can be reused garden or kitchen trash becomes fertilizer ; combustible refuse is burned to bring forth electricity ; metal containers and bottles are recycled ; and old furniture, vesture, and other utile points are cleaned repaired, and resold cheaply or given away. The work provides employment for disabled people and gives them a opportunity to larn new accomplishments. Nowadays, functionaries from metropoliss around the universe visit Machida to see it whether they can utilize some of these thoughts to work out their ain refuse disposal jobs. If we take off all the rubbish pile we shall hold more free districts and utilize them to our economic sciences. Precisely from civil place, from standard our sense of responsibility depends on preserving of Shchuchinsk-Burabay Nature. The topographic point where the most modern engineering and the biggest criterion of societal development will be peaceable coexistence in close integrity with living nature. I hope that in a twelvemonth and in a hundred and in a 1000s old ages our posterities how we can look up to the beauty of Shchuchinsk and Borovoye lakes and mountains landscapes and pull energy and inspiration from this fantastic natural beginning. Don # 8217 ; t kill the World! Don # 8217 ; t allow the Earth down! Make non destruct the land! Don # 8217 ; t kill the World! Don # 8217 ; t allow the Earth dice! Help her to last! Don # 8217 ; t kill the World! We must look up to our nature. We shall non make it if we don # 8217 ; t be together. Because nature ennobles and exalts itself in adult male, inculcates in him profound balanced feelings, high moral qualities. The M.Prishvin said: # 8220 ; Fish wants clear H2O and we shall protect our H2O organic structures. In woods, steppes and mountains there are different species of animate beings and we shall protect our woods, steppes and mountains. Man wants a Motherland. So to protect nature means to protect the Motherland. # 8221 ; Bibliography Trishichkin A.P. Take attention of nature beaty / Burabay. Borovoye. Sinegorye / Astana, 2002. 1. Kabiev E. Water resourse of Burabay / The Luch # 8470 ; 40 # 8211 ; 17.05.02. 2. Preservation of nature # 8211 ; ecology of psyche / The Kazakhstanskaya Pravda # 8470 ; 63 # 8211 ; 07.12.07. 3. Beketayev I. Ecological jobs of Shchuchinsk-Borovoye resort zone / The Luch # 8470 ; 56 # 8211 ; 04.06.07. 4. Kazbekov A. K. # 8211 ; Nature of Burabay. Treasures of Burabay. Superficial and belowground Waterss / Burabay the twenty-four hours before 21 century / Astana, 1998. 5. Zubov V. A # 8211 ; Burabay and his carnal universe. Soils. Vegetation. Lakes of Burabay / The Pearl of Kazakhstan / Almaty, 2007. 6. Mihailov V. F. Burabay / Almaty, 1979. 7. Zhandeev M. Zh. Health Resort # 8211 ; Burabay / Alma-ata, 1981. 8. Pirsaidova G. A. Relation of individual with environment. Ecological systems. The Environment of Kazakhstan / Ecology / Astana, 2003. 9. Kosovich P. V. Geography and nature / Some facts about Kazakhstan / Astana-Sankt-Peterburg, 2002. 10. Kabyshuly G. # 8211 ; Silver lakes. Okjetpes. Zhumbaktas / My beautiful state # 8211 ; Kokshetay / Almaty, 1998. Kukushkin M. # 8211 ; Lakes of Burabay: yesterday and today / The Luch # 8470 ; 04.02.08. # 1052 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1091 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1056 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1087 ; # 1091 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1050 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1093 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1040 ; # 1082 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1065 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1041 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1073 ; # 1072 ; # 1077 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1043 ; # 10 72 ; # 1081 ; # 1096 ; # 1072 ; 11 # 8211 ; # 1041 ; # 1082 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ;

The Crash of American Airlines free essay sample

A good example involving with human error is the crash of the American Airlines flight 587. On 12 November 2001, at approximately 9:17 a. m. ocal time, American Airlines flight 587 crashed into the Belle Harbor area of Queens, New York, several minutes after taking off from JFK International Airport. The plane was on a scheduled flight to Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. All nine crew members and 251 passengers on the aircraft were killed, including five infants. Five people on the ground were also killed. Let examine the summary of events that the NTSB determined led to the crash in order to identify the probable causes. â€Å"The A300-600, took off just minutes after the Japan Airlines Boeing 747 on the same runway, flew into the larger jets wake, an area of very turbulent air.The first officer attempted to keep the plane upright with aggressive rudder inputs. The strength of the air flowing against the moving rudder stressed the aircrafts vertical stabilizer and eventually snapped it off entirely, causing the aircraft to lose control and crash. We will write a custom essay sample on The Crash of American Airlines or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The National Transportation Safety Board concluded that the enormous stress on the rudder was due to the first officers unnecessary and excessive rudder inputs, and not the wake caused by the earlier Japan Airlines 747 that had crossed that area. Airbus charges that the crash was mostly Americans fault, because the airline did not train its pilots properly about the characteristics of the rudder. Aircraft tail fins are designed to withstand full rudder deflection in one direction at maneuvering speed. They are not usually designed to withstand an abrupt shift in rudder from one direction to the other. Most American pilots believed that the tail fin could withstand any rudder movement at maneuvering speed. The NTSB indicated that American Airlines Advanced Aircraft Maneuvering Program tended to exaggerate the effects of wake turbulence on large aircraft.Therefore, pilots were being trained to react more aggressively than was necessary. † (Mysterious Crash) Since the investigation by the National Transportation Safety Board, American Airlines has modified its pilot training program. Training methods have been reviewed and changed as a result of the accident. Despite rapid gains in technology, humans are ultimately responsible for ensuring the success and safety of the aviation industry. They must continue to be knowledgeable, flexible, dedicated, and efficient while exercising good judgment.